Global forest fires are an increasingly frequent phenomenon and have a significant impact on the environment, climate and human health. There are several main causes of forest fires that need to be understood to reduce their frequency and mitigate their effects. First, climate change is one of the main causes of forest fires. Rising temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns create ideal conditions for fires. Prolonged dry seasons in many regions, such as Australia and California, increase the likelihood of fires. Data shows that global temperatures have increased by about 1.2 degrees Celsius since the pre-industrial era, which has played a role in exacerbating fire incidents. Second, human activity also plays an important role. Clearing land for agriculture, plantations and infrastructure development is often done by burning. This method, although practical, increases the risk of forest fires. In Indonesia, for example, the practice of burning land for palm oil and acacia has resulted in widespread haze and threatens public health and biodiversity. Third, natural factors such as lightning can trigger forest fires. In dry areas, lightning can start fires that are difficult to extinguish. In certain cases, these natural fires can be beneficial for the ecosystem. However, when dry conditions and high temperatures combine, as in the case of forest fires in the Amazon, the negative impacts can be devastating. The impact of global forest fires is very broad and touches various aspects. One significant impact is loss of biodiversity. Fires can destroy habitats for thousands of species of flora and fauna. In the Amazon, it is estimated that more than a million species are threatened with extinction due to habitat loss caused by fires and deforestation. Additionally, forest fires contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. According to research, forest fires contribute up to 10 percent of total global CO2 emissions. These gases have a negative impact on human health, such as increasing cases of respiratory diseases. Smoke from forest fires that cover large areas can create dangerous haze, as happens in Indonesia and Malaysia every year. Forest fires also have long-term effects on climate change. By reducing the number of trees that serve as carbon sinks, forest fires exacerbate the greenhouse effect and accelerate global warming. In the long term, disturbed ecosystems will find it difficult to recover, causing permanent vegetation loss. Mitigation efforts are critical in managing forest fires for a more sustainable future. Wise forest management, increasing public awareness about dangerous burning practices, and using technology to detect potential fires before they spread can help reduce fire incidents. Forest restoration programs must also be prioritized to restore land affected by fire so that it can function optimally again. By understanding the causes and impacts of global forest fires, we can take concrete steps to prevent and reduce their impact, preserving ecosystems and the health of the earth for future generations.